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Using Keycloak Admin Client

The Quarkus Keycloak Admin Client and its reactive twin support Keycloak Admin Client which can be used to configure a running Keycloak server.

This guide demonstrates how you can leverage the Quarkus ArC and inject the admin client to your Quarkus application, as well as how to create it directly in the application code.

To learn more about the Keycloak Admin Client, please refer to its reference guide.

先决条件

完成这个指南，你需要:

  • 大概15分钟

  • 编辑器

  • JDK 17+ installed with JAVA_HOME configured appropriately

  • Apache Maven 3.9.9

  • A working container runtime (Docker or Podman)

  • 如果你愿意的话，还可以选择使用Quarkus CLI

  • 如果你想构建原生可执行程序，可以选择安装Mandrel或者GraalVM，并正确配置(或者使用Docker在容器中进行构建)

  • Keycloak

创建项目

首先，我们需要一个新的工程项目。用以下命令创建一个新项目：

CLI
quarkus create app org.acme:security-keycloak-admin-client \
    --extension='keycloak-admin-rest-client,rest-jackson' \
    --no-code
cd security-keycloak-admin-client

创建Grade项目，请添加 --gradle 或者 --gradle-kotlin-dsl 参数。

For more information about how to install and use the Quarkus CLI, see the Quarkus CLI guide.

Maven
mvn io.quarkus.platform:quarkus-maven-plugin:3.16.3:create \
    -DprojectGroupId=org.acme \
    -DprojectArtifactId=security-keycloak-admin-client \
    -Dextensions='keycloak-admin-rest-client,rest-jackson' \
    -DnoCode
cd security-keycloak-admin-client

创建Grade项目，请添加 -DbuildTool=gradle 或者 -DbuildTool=gradle-kotlin-dsl 参数。

For Windows users:

  • If using cmd, (don’t use backward slash \ and put everything on the same line)

  • If using Powershell, wrap -D parameters in double quotes e.g. "-DprojectArtifactId=security-keycloak-admin-client"

This command generates a project which imports the keycloak-admin-rest-client and rest-jackson extensions.

If you already have your Quarkus project configured, you can add the keycloak-admin-rest-client and rest-jackson extensions to your project by running the following command in your project base directory:

CLI
quarkus extension add keycloak-admin-rest-client,rest-jackson
Maven
./mvnw quarkus:add-extension -Dextensions='keycloak-admin-rest-client,rest-jackson'
Gradle
./gradlew addExtension --extensions='keycloak-admin-rest-client,rest-jackson'

这将在您的构建文件中添加以下内容：

pom.xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-keycloak-admin-rest-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-rest-jackson</artifactId>
</dependency>
build.gradle
implementation("io.quarkus:quarkus-keycloak-admin-rest-client")
implementation("io.quarkus:quarkus-rest-jackson")

We also are going to need a simple resource with a Keycloak injected as request scoped CDI bean.

package org.acme.keycloak.admin.client;

import org.keycloak.admin.client.Keycloak;
import org.keycloak.representations.idm.RoleRepresentation;

import jakarta.inject.Inject;
import jakarta.ws.rs.GET;
import jakarta.ws.rs.Path;
import java.util.List;

@Path("/api/admin")
public class RolesResource {

        @Inject
        Keycloak keycloak; (1)

        @GET
        @Path("/roles")
        public List<RoleRepresentation> getRoles() {
            return keycloak.realm("quarkus").roles().list();
        }

}
1 Create a default Keycloak Admin Client which can perform Keycloak master realm administration tasks as an admin-cli client, such as adding new realms, clients and users.

The only configuration which is required to create this Keycloak Admin Client is a Keycloak server URL.

例如：

# Quarkus based Keycloak distribution
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.server-url=http://localhost:8081

or

# WildFly based Keycloak distribution
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.server-url=http://localhost:8081/auth

It is important that quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.server-url is configured if you would like to have Keycloak injected. The injection will fail if you attempt to inject Keycloak without configuring this property.

Injecting Keycloak Admin Client instead of creating it directly in the application code is a simpler and more flexible option but you can create the same admin client manually if necessary:

package org.acme.keycloak.admin.client;

import org.keycloak.admin.client.Keycloak;
import org.keycloak.admin.client.KeycloakBuilder;
import org.keycloak.representations.idm.RoleRepresentation;

import jakarta.annotation.PostConstruct;
import jakarta.annotation.PreDestroy;
import jakarta.ws.rs.GET;
import jakarta.ws.rs.Path;
import java.util.List;

@Path("/api/admin")
public class RolesResource {

        Keycloak keycloak;

        @PostConstruct
        public void initKeycloak() {
            keycloak = KeycloakBuilder.builder()
                .serverUrl("http://localhost:8081")
                .realm("master")
                .clientId("admin-cli")
                .grantType("password")
                .username("admin")
                .password("admin")
                .build();
        }

        @PreDestroy
        public void closeKeycloak() {
            keycloak.close();
        }

        @GET
        @Path("/roles")
        public List<RoleRepresentation> getRoles() {
            return keycloak.realm("quarkus").roles().list();
        }

}

For more details consult Keycloak Admin REST API documentation.

You can configure Keycloak Admin Client to administer other realms and clients. It can use either a password or client_credentials grant to acquire an access token to call the Admin REST API which requires authorization.

If you exchange user’s credentials for the access token, here is an example configuration for the password grant type:

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.server-url=http://localhost:8081
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.realm=quarkus
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.client-id=quarkus-client
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.username=alice
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.password=alice
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.grant-type=PASSWORD (1)
1 Use password grant type.

An example using the client-credentials grant type needs only a minor adjustments:

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.enabled=true
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.server-url=http://localhost:8081
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.realm=quarkus
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.client-id=quarkus-client
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.client-secret=secret
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.username= # remove default username
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.password= # remove default password
quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.grant-type=CLIENT_CREDENTIALS (1)
1 Use client_credentials grant type.
Note that the OidcClient can also be used to acquire tokens.

Configuring TLS

To configure a TLS connection for the Keycloak Admin Client, use the TLS Registry extension and point the Keycloak Admin Client to respective TLS configuration. For example, you can configure mutual TLS (mTLS) like this:

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.tls-configuration-name=kc-mtls
quarkus.tls.kc-mtls.key-store.p12.path=client-keystore.p12
quarkus.tls.kc-mtls.key-store.p12.password=secret
quarkus.tls.kc-mtls.trust-store.p12.path=client-truststore.p12
quarkus.tls.kc-mtls.trust-store.p12.password=secret

测试

The preferred approach for testing Keycloak Admin Client against Keycloak is Dev Services for Keycloak. Dev Services for Keycloak will start and initialize a test container. Then, it will create a quarkus realm and a quarkus-app client (secret secret) and add alice (admin and user roles) and bob (user role) users, where all of these properties can be customized.

For example, by default, a test container will be available at a randomly allocated port but you can make both Keycloak Admin Client and the container use the same port as follows:

%test.quarkus.keycloak.devservices.port=${kc.admin.port.test:45180} (1)
%test.quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.server-url=http://localhost:${kc.admin.port.test:45180}/ (2)
1 Configure the Keycloak container to listen on the 45180 port by default
2 Configure the Keycloak Admin Client to use the same port

Quarkus Keycloak Admin Client Configuration Reference

Configuration property fixed at build time - All other configuration properties are overridable at runtime

Configuration property

类型

默认

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.enabled

Set to true if Keycloak Admin Client injection is supported.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_ENABLED

Show more

boolean

true

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.server-url

Keycloak server URL, for example, https://host:port. If this property is not set then the Keycloak Admin Client injection will fail - use org.keycloak.admin.client.KeycloakBuilder to create it instead.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_SERVER_URL

Show more

string

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.realm

Realm.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_REALM

Show more

string

master

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.client-id

Client id.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_CLIENT_ID

Show more

string

admin-cli

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.client-secret

Client secret. Required with a client_credentials grant type.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_CLIENT_SECRET

Show more

string

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.username

Username. Required with a password grant type.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_USERNAME

Show more

string

admin

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.password

Password. Required with a password grant type.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_PASSWORD

Show more

string

admin

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.scope

OAuth 2.0 Access Token Scope.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_SCOPE

Show more

string

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.grant-type

OAuth Grant Type.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_GRANT_TYPE

Show more

password, client-credentials

password

quarkus.keycloak.admin-client.tls-configuration-name

The name of the TLS configuration to use.

If a name is configured, it uses the configuration from quarkus.tls.<name>.* If a name is configured, but no TLS configuration is found with that name then an error will be thrown.

The default TLS configuration is not used by default.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_CLIENT_TLS_CONFIGURATION_NAME

Show more

string

参考文献

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