选择指南版本

Quarkus and Gradle

Use Gradle to create a new project, add or remove extensions, launch development mode, debug your application, and build your application into a jar, native executable, or container-friendly executable. Import your project into your favorite IDE using Gradle project metadata.

Creating a new project

To scaffold a Gradle project you can either use the Quarkus CLI or the Quarkus Maven plugin:

CLI

quarkus create app my-groupId:my-artifactId \
    --extensions=rest,rest-jackson \
    --gradle

关于如何安装并使用Quarkus CLI的更多信息，请参考Quarkus CLI指南。

Maven

mvn io.quarkus.platform:quarkus-maven-plugin:3.17.4:create \
    -DprojectGroupId=my-groupId \
    -DprojectArtifactId=my-artifactId \
    -Dextensions="rest,rest-jackson" \
    -DbuildTool=gradle

If you just launch mvn io.quarkus.platform:quarkus-maven-plugin:3.17.4:create the Maven plugin asks for user inputs. You can disable this interactive mode (and use default values) by passing -B to the Maven command.

If you prefer using the Kotlin DSL, use gradle-kotlin-dsl instead of gradle.

Quarkus project scaffolding automatically installs the Gradle wrapper (./gradlew) in your project.

If you prefer to use a standalone Gradle installation, please use Gradle 8.9.

The project is generated in a directory named after the passed artifactId.

A pair of Dockerfiles for native and JVM modes are also generated in src/main/docker. Instructions to build the image and run the container are written in those Dockerfiles.

Custom test configuration profile in JVM mode

By default, Quarkus tests in JVM mode are run using the test configuration profile. If you are not familiar with Quarkus configuration profiles, everything you need to know is explained in the Configuration Profiles Documentation.

It is however possible to use a custom configuration profile for your tests with the Gradle build configuration shown below. This can be useful if you need for example to run some tests using a specific database which is not your default testing database.

Groovy DSL

test {
    systemProperty "quarkus.test.profile", "foo" (1)
}

1	The `foo` configuration profile will be used to run the tests.

Kotlin DSL

tasks.test {
    systemProperty("quarkus.test.profile", "foo") (1)
}

1	The `foo` configuration profile will be used to run the tests.

It is not possible to use a custom test configuration profile in native mode for now. Native tests are always run using the prod profile.

Dealing with extensions

From inside a Quarkus project, you can obtain a list of the available extensions with:

CLI

quarkus extension

Gradle

./gradlew listExtensions

You can enable an extension using:

CLI

quarkus extension add hibernate-validator

Gradle

./gradlew addExtension --extensions='hibernate-validator'

Extensions are passed using a comma-separated list.

The extension name is the GAV name of the extension: e.g. io.quarkus:quarkus-agroal. But you can pass a partial name and Quarkus will do its best to find the right extension. For example, agroal, Agroal or agro will expand to io.quarkus:quarkus-agroal. If no extension is found or if more than one extensions match, you will see a red check mark ❌ in the command result.

$ ./gradlew addExtension --extensions="jdbc,agroal,non-exist-ent"
[...]
❌ Multiple extensions matching 'jdbc'
     * io.quarkus:quarkus-jdbc-h2
     * io.quarkus:quarkus-jdbc-mariadb
     * io.quarkus:quarkus-jdbc-postgresql
     Be more specific e.g using the exact name or the full gav.
✅ Adding extension io.quarkus:quarkus-agroal
❌ Cannot find a dependency matching 'non-exist-ent', maybe a typo?
[...]

You can install all extensions which match a globbing pattern:

CLI

quarkus extension add smallrye-*

Gradle

./gradlew addExtension --extensions='smallrye-*'

Development mode

Quarkus comes with a built-in development mode. You can start it with:

CLI

quarkus dev

Gradle

./gradlew --console=plain quarkusDev

Note that if you run it this way the continuous testing experience will not be as nice, as gradle runs as a daemon Quarkus can’t draw the 'pretty' test output so falls back to just logging the output.

You can then update the application sources, resources and configurations. The changes are automatically reflected in your running application. This is great to do development spanning UI and database as you see changes reflected immediately.

quarkusDev enables hot deployment with background compilation, which means that when you modify your Java files or your resource files and refresh your browser these changes will automatically take effect. This works too for resource files like the configuration property file. The act of refreshing the browser triggers a scan of the workspace, and if any changes are detected the Java files are compiled, and the application is redeployed, then your request is serviced by the redeployed application. If there are any issues with compilation or deployment an error page will let you know.

使用 CTRL+C 来停止应用程序。

You can change the working directory the development environment runs on:

Groovy DSL

quarkusDev {
    workingDirectory = rootProject.layout.projectDirectory.asFile
}

Kotlin DSL

tasks.quarkusDev {
    workingDirectory = rootProject.layout.projectDirectory.asFile
}

By default, the quarkusDev task uses compileJava compiler options. These can be overridden by setting the compilerArgs property in the task.

By default, quarkusDev sets the debug host to localhost (for security reasons). If you need to change this, for example to enable debugging on all hosts, you can use the -DdebugHost option like so:

CLI

quarkus dev -DdebugHost=0.0.0.0

Gradle

./gradlew --console=plain quarkusDev -DdebugHost=0.0.0.0

You also can add environment variables to the development environment:

Groovy DSL

quarkusDev {
    environmentVariables = [FOO_VALUE: 'abc', BAR_VALUE: 'def']
}

Kotlin DSL

tasks.quarkusDev {
    environmentVariables.set(mapOf("FOO_VALUE" to "abc", "BAR_VALUE" to "def"))
}

The plugin also exposes a quarkusDev configuration. Using this configuration to declare a dependency will restrict the usage of that dependency to development mode. The quarkusDev configuration can be used as following:

Groovy DSL

dependencies {
    quarkusDev 'io.quarkus:quarkus-jdbc-h2'
}

Kotlin DSL

dependencies {
    quarkusDev("io.quarkus:quarkus-jdbc-h2")
}

Remote Development Mode

It is possible to use development mode remotely, so that you can run Quarkus in a container environment (such as OpenShift) and have changes made to your local files become immediately visible.

This allows you to develop in the same environment you will actually run your app in, and with access to the same services.

Do not use this in production. This should only be used in a development environment. You should not run production applications in dev mode.

To do this you must build a mutable application, using the mutable-jar format. Set the following properties in application.properties:

quarkus.package.jar.type=mutable-jar (1)
quarkus.live-reload.password=changeit (2)
quarkus.live-reload.url=http://my.cluster.host.com:8080 (3)

1	This tells Quarkus to use the mutable-jar format. Mutable applications also include the deployment time parts of Quarkus, so they take up a bit more disk space. If run normally they start just as fast and use the same memory as an immutable application, however they can also be started in dev mode.
2	The password that is used to secure communication between the remote side and the local side.
3	The URL that your app is going to be running in dev mode at. This is only needed on the local side, so you may want to leave it out of the properties file and specify it as a system property on the command line.

The mutable-jar is then built in the same way that a regular Quarkus jar is built, i.e. by issuing:

CLI

quarkus build

Gradle

./gradlew build

Before you start Quarkus on the remote host set the environment variable QUARKUS_LAUNCH_DEVMODE=true. If you are on bare metal you can set it via the export QUARKUS_LAUNCH_DEVMODE=true command and then run the application with the proper java -jar … command to run the application.

If you plan on running the application via Docker, then you’ll need to add -e QUARKUS_LAUNCH_DEVMODE=true to the docker run command. When the application starts you should now see the following line in the logs: Profile dev activated. Live Coding activated. You will also need to give the application the rights to update the deployment resources by adding RUN chmod o+rw -R /deployments after the COPY commands into your Dockerfile. For security reasons, this option should not be added to the production Dockerfile.

The remote side does not need to include Maven or any other development tools. The normal fast-jar Dockerfile that is generated with a new Quarkus application is all you need. If you are using bare metal launch the Quarkus runner jar, do not attempt to run normal dev mode.

Now you need to connect your local agent to the remote host, using the remote-dev command:

./gradlew quarkusRemoteDev -Dquarkus.live-reload.url=http://my-remote-host:8080

Now every time you refresh the browser you should see any changes you have made locally immediately visible in the remote app.

All the config options are shown below:

Configuration property fixed at build time - All other configuration properties are overridable at runtime

Configuration property	类型	默认
`quarkus.live-reload.enabled` Whether the live-reload feature should be enabled. Environment variable: `QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_ENABLED` Show more	boolean	`true`
`quarkus.live-reload.instrumentation` Whether Quarkus should enable its ability to not do a full restart when changes to classes are compatible with JVM instrumentation. If this is set to true, Quarkus will perform class redefinition when possible. Environment variable: `QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_INSTRUMENTATION` Show more	boolean	`false`
`quarkus.live-reload.watched-resources` The names of additional resource files to watch for changes, triggering a reload on change. Directories are not supported. Environment variable: `QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_WATCHED_RESOURCES` Show more	list of string
`quarkus.live-reload.password` Password used to use to connect to the remote dev-mode application Environment variable: `QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_PASSWORD` Show more	string
`quarkus.live-reload.url` URL used to use to connect to the remote dev-mode application Environment variable: `QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_URL` Show more	string
`quarkus.live-reload.connect-timeout` The amount of time to wait for a remote dev connect or reconnect Environment variable: `QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_CONNECT_TIMEOUT` Show more	Duration	`30S`
`quarkus.live-reload.retry-interval` The amount of time to wait between attempts when connecting to the server side of remote dev Environment variable: `QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_RETRY_INTERVAL` Show more	Duration	`2S`
`quarkus.live-reload.retry-max-attempts` The maximum number of attempts when connecting to the server side of remote dev Environment variable: `QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_RETRY_MAX_ATTEMPTS` Show more	int	`10`

Configuration property

类型

默认

quarkus.live-reload.enabled

Whether the live-reload feature should be enabled.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_ENABLED

boolean

true

quarkus.live-reload.instrumentation

Whether Quarkus should enable its ability to not do a full restart when changes to classes are compatible with JVM instrumentation. If this is set to true, Quarkus will perform class redefinition when possible.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_INSTRUMENTATION

boolean

false

quarkus.live-reload.watched-resources

The names of additional resource files to watch for changes, triggering a reload on change. Directories are not supported.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_WATCHED_RESOURCES

list of string

quarkus.live-reload.password

Password used to use to connect to the remote dev-mode application

Environment variable: QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_PASSWORD

string

quarkus.live-reload.url

URL used to use to connect to the remote dev-mode application

Environment variable: QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_URL

string

quarkus.live-reload.connect-timeout

The amount of time to wait for a remote dev connect or reconnect

Environment variable: QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_CONNECT_TIMEOUT

Duration

30S

quarkus.live-reload.retry-interval

The amount of time to wait between attempts when connecting to the server side of remote dev

Environment variable: QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_RETRY_INTERVAL

Duration

2S

quarkus.live-reload.retry-max-attempts

The maximum number of attempts when connecting to the server side of remote dev

Environment variable: QUARKUS_LIVE_RELOAD_RETRY_MAX_ATTEMPTS

int

10

About the Duration format

To write duration values, use the standard java.time.Duration format. See the Duration#parse() Java API documentation for more information.

You can also use a simplified format, starting with a number:

If the value is only a number, it represents time in seconds.
If the value is a number followed by ms, it represents time in milliseconds.

In other cases, the simplified format is translated to the java.time.Duration format for parsing:

If the value is a number followed by h, m, or s, it is prefixed with PT.
If the value is a number followed by d, it is prefixed with P.

Debugging

In development mode, Quarkus starts by default with debug mode enabled, listening to port 5005 without suspending the JVM.

This behavior can be changed by giving the debug system property one of the following values:

false - the JVM will start with debug mode disabled
true - The JVM is started in debug mode and will be listening on port 5005
client - the JVM will start in client mode and attempt to connect to localhost:5005
{port} - The JVM is started in debug mode and will be listening on {port}

An additional system property suspend can be used to suspend the JVM, when launched in debug mode. suspend supports the following values:

y or true - The debug mode JVM launch is suspended
n or false - The debug mode JVM is started without suspending

You can also run a Quarkus application in debug mode with a suspended JVM using:

CLI

quarkus dev -Dsuspend -Ddebug

Gradle

./gradlew --console=plain quarkusDev -Dsuspend -Ddebug

Then, attach your debugger to localhost:5005.

Import in your IDE

Once you have a project generated, you can import it in your favorite IDE. The only requirement is the ability to import a Gradle project.

Eclipse

In Eclipse, click on: File → Import. In the wizard, select: Gradle → Existing Gradle Project. On the next screen, select the root location of the project. The next screen list the found modules; select the generated project and click on Finish. Done!

In a separated terminal, run:

CLI

quarkus dev

Gradle

./gradlew --console=plain quarkusDev

and enjoy a highly productive environment.

IntelliJ IDEA

In IntelliJ IDEA:

From inside IntelliJ IDEA select File → New → Project From Existing Sources… or, if you are on the welcome dialog, select Import project.
Select the project root
Select Import project from external model and Gradle
Next a few times (review the different options if needed)
On the last screen click on Finish

In a separated terminal or in the embedded terminal, run:

CLI

quarkus dev

Gradle

./gradlew --console=plain quarkusDev

Enjoy!

Apache NetBeans

In NetBeans:

Select File → Open Project
Select the project root
Click on Open Project

In a separated terminal or the embedded terminal, go to the project root and run:

CLI

quarkus dev

Gradle

./gradlew --console=plain quarkusDev

Enjoy!

Visual Studio Code

Open the project directory in VS Code. If you have installed the Java Extension Pack (grouping a set of Java extensions), the project is loaded as a Gradle project.

Downloading dependencies for offline development and testing

Quarkus extension dependencies are divided into the runtime extension dependencies that end up on the application runtime classpath and the deployment (or build time) extension dependencies that are resolved by Quarkus only at application build time to create the build classpath. Application developers are expected to express dependencies only on the runtime artifacts of Quarkus extensions.

To enable the use-case of building and testing a Quarkus application offline, the plugin includes the quarkusGoOffline task that could be called from the command line like this:

./gradlew quarkusGoOffline

This task will resolve all the runtime, build time, test and dev mode dependencies of the application to the Gradle cache. Once executed, you will be able to safely run quarkus task with --offline flag.

构建一个本地可执行文件

Native executables make Quarkus applications ideal for containers and serverless workloads.

Make sure to have GRAALVM_HOME configured and pointing to the latest release of GraalVM for JDK 21.

使用以下方法创建一个原生可执行文件：

CLI

quarkus build --native

Gradle

./gradlew build -Dquarkus.native.enabled=true

A native executable will be present in build/.

Native related properties can either be added in application.properties file, as command line arguments or in the quarkusBuild task. Configuring the quarkusBuild task can be done as following:

Groovy DSL

quarkusBuild {
    nativeArgs {
        containerBuild = true (1)
        builderImage = "quay.io/quarkus/ubi-quarkus-mandrel-builder-image:jdk-21" (2)
    }
}

1	Set `quarkus.native.container-build` property to `true`
2	Set `quarkus.native.builder-image` property to `quay.io/quarkus/ubi-quarkus-mandrel-builder-image:jdk-21`

Kotlin DSL

tasks.quarkusBuild {
    nativeArgs {
        "container-build" to true (1)
        "builder-image" to "quay.io/quarkus/ubi-quarkus-mandrel-builder-image:jdk-21" (2)
    }
}

1	Set `quarkus.native.container-build` property to `true`
2	Set `quarkus.native.builder-image` property to `quay.io/quarkus/ubi-quarkus-mandrel-builder-image:jdk-21`

When using the Gradle Groovy DSL, property keys must follow lower camel case notation. e.g. container-build is not valid, and should be replaced by containerBuild. This limitation does not apply to the Gradle Kotlin DSL.

Build a container friendly executable

The native executable will be specific to your operating system. To create an executable that will run in a container, use the following:

CLI

quarkus build --native --no-tests -Dquarkus.native.container-build=true
# The --no-tests flag is required only on Windows and macOS.

Gradle

./gradlew build -Dquarkus.native.enabled=true -Dquarkus.native.container-build=true

The produced executable will be a 64-bit Linux executable, so depending on your operating system it may no longer be runnable. However, it’s not an issue as we are going to copy it to a Docker container. Note that in this case the build itself runs in a Docker container too, so you don’t need to have GraalVM installed locally.

By default, the native executable will be generated using the quay.io/quarkus/ubi-quarkus-mandrel-builder-image:jdk-21 Docker image.

If you want to build a native executable with a different Docker image (for instance to use a different GraalVM version), use the -Dquarkus.native.builder-image=<image name> build argument.

The list of the available Docker images can be found on quay.io. Be aware that a given Quarkus version might not be compatible with all the images available.

Running native tests

Run the native tests using:

./gradlew testNative

This task depends on quarkusBuild, so it will generate the native image before running the tests.

By default, the native-test source set is based on main and test source sets. It is possible to add an extra source set. For example, if your integration tests are located in an integrationTest source set, you can specify it as:

Groovy DSL

quarkus {
    sourceSets {
        extraNativeTest = sourceSets.integrationTest
    }
}

Kotlin DSL

quarkus {
    sourceSets {
        setExtraNativeTest(sourceSets["integrationTest"])
    }
}

Running integration tests

Quarkus integration tests (annotated with @QuarkusIntegrationTest) will run on the artifact produced by Quarkus. Those tests can be placed in a src/integrationTest/java directory and executed using:

./gradlew quarkusIntTest

This task depends on both test and quarkusBuild tasks. The final artifact will be produced before running tests.

Using fast-jar

fast-jar is now the default quarkus package type. The result of ./gradlew build command is a new directory under build named quarkus-app.

You can run the application using: java -jar build/quarkus-app/quarkus-run.jar.

In order to successfully run the produced jar, you need to have the entire contents of the quarkus-app directory. If any of the files are missing, the application will not start or might not function correctly.

The fast-jar packaging results in creating an artifact that starts a little faster and consumes slightly less memory than a legacy Quarkus jar because it has indexed information about which dependency jar contains classes and resources. It can thus avoid the lookup into potentially every jar on the classpath that the legacy jar necessitates, when loading a class or resource.

Building Uber-Jars

Quarkus Gradle plugin supports the generation of Uber-Jars by specifying a quarkus.package.jar.type argument as follows:

CLI

quarkus build -Dquarkus.package.jar.type=uber-jar

Gradle

./gradlew build -Dquarkus.package.jar.type=uber-jar

When building an Uber-Jar you can specify entries that you want to exclude from the generated jar by using the --ignored-entry argument:

./gradlew quarkusBuild -Dquarkus.package.jar.type=uber-jar --ignored-entry=META-INF/file1.txt

The entries are relative to the root of the generated Uber-Jar. You can specify multiple entries by adding extra --ignored-entry arguments.

Working with multi-module projects

By default, Quarkus will not discover CDI beans inside another module.

The best way to enable CDI bean discovery for a module in a multi-module project would be to include a META-INF/beans.xml file, unless it is the main application module already configured with the quarkus-maven-plugin, in which case it will be indexed automatically.

Alternatively, there is some unofficial Gradle Jandex plugins that can be used instead of the META-INF/beans.xml file.

More information on this topic can be found on the Bean Discovery section of the CDI guide.

Publishing your application

In order to make sure the right dependency versions are being used by Gradle, the BOM is declared as an enforcedPlatform in your build file. By default, the maven-publish plugin will prevent you from publishing your application due to this enforcedPlatform. This validation can be skipped by adding the following configuration in your build file:

Groovy DSL

tasks.withType(GenerateModuleMetadata).configureEach {
    suppressedValidationErrors.add('enforced-platform')
}

Kotlin DSL

tasks.withType<GenerateModuleMetadata>().configureEach {
    suppressedValidationErrors.add("enforced-platform")
}

Configuring Quarkus builds

There are multiple configuration sources that influence Quarkus builds, mentioned in the order of their priority. The Quarkus build uses the prod configuration profile:

System properties (for example ./gradlew -Dquarkus.package.jar.type=fast-jar …)
System environment (for example QUARKUS_PACKAGE_JAR_TYPE=fast-jar ./gradlew …)

Configuration via the quarkus extensions’s quarkusBuildProperties For example:

quarkus {
    quarkusBuildProperties {
        set("package.jar.type", "uber-jar")
    }
}

Configuration via Gradle project properties (for example ./gradlew -Pquarkus.package.jar.type=fast-jar)
Configuration from a project’s application.properties, application.yaml and application.yml files, as well as a project’s application-prod.properties, application-prod.yaml and application-prod.yml files

The above priorities have changed in Quarkus plugin starting with 3.0. Older versions of the Quarkus Gradle plugin preferred application.properties over settings in the Gradle build.

The Quarkus Gradle plugin uses the "standard" Quarkus mechanisms to load and parse configurations. Support for application.(yaml|yml) has been added in Quarkus 3.0 in addition to application.properties. Also new in 3.0 is that all mechanisms available via SmallRye Config, are implicitly also now available for the Quarkus Gradle plugin.

Use the quarkusShowEffectiveConfig task to show the effective configuration options used for a Quarkus build. If you specify the --save-config-properties command line option, the configuration properties are also store in the file build/<final-name>.quarkus-build.properties.

Gradle caching / task inputs

By default, system properties starting with quarkus. and environment variables, including those from ~/.env, starting with QUARKUS_, are considered as inputs for the Gradle tasks. This means that only changes to those system properties or environment variables will cause Gradle’s up-to-date to trigger a rebuild. Changes to other system properties or environment variables do not change Quarkus' Gradle task inputs and do not trigger an unnecessary rebuild.

Configuration properties specified via quarkus.quarkusBuildProperties or via the Quarkus application.* configuration files are all considered as Gradle task inputs, in other words: every change in these files causes a rebuild.

If your Quarkus build references system properties that do not start with quarkus. (or environment variables that do not start with QUARKUS_), you must reference those via the Quarkus build extension. For example, if your application.properties file references an environment variable like this:

greeting.message=${FOO_MESSAGE:Hello!}

it must be explicitly declared as "caching relevant":

quarkus {
   cachingRelevantProperties.add("FOO_MESSAGE")
   // Note: `cachingRelevantProperties` accepts regular expressions
}

Build workers

Quarkus application builds are ran in isolated processes using Gradle’s worker API. This includes the Quarkus application build and Quarkus code generation. This is necessary to properly pass the configuration from the quarkus extension and Gradle project properties to Quarkus' code generator / application builder.

The JVM settings of the processes performing the code generation and/or Quarkus build can be configured as follows. See JavaForkOptions for details.

Groovy DSL

plugins {
    id 'java'
    id 'io.quarkus'
}

quarkus {
    buildForkOptions {
        maxHeapSize = '2g'
    }
    codeGenForkOptions {
        maxHeapSize = '128m'
    }
}

Kotlin DSL

plugins {
    java
    id("io.quarkus")
}

quarkus {
    buildForkOptions {
        maxHeapSize = '2g'
    }
    codeGenForkOptions {
        maxHeapSize = '128m'
    }
}

Cached build artifacts

Gradle’s build cache is a very efficient mechanism to improve the overall build runtime, by reusing previously generated outputs (see Incremental build for technical details).

The Quarkus plugin leverages the Gradle mechanisms of up-to-date checks and the build cache. The build cache can be local or local plus a remote cache server or, if configured in CI environments, remote in the sense of retrieving and storing the whole cache as an artifact, for example using Gradle’s GitHub action or directly/manually GitHub’s GitHub’s cache action.

The Quarkus Gradle plugin cares about what is cached in which environment (CI or local development). Big artifacts like uber-jars and native binaries are not cached in CI, but are cached in local development environments.

The Quarkus Gradle plugin detects a CI environment, if the CI environment variable is present.

How the various Quarkus package types are cached in non-CI and CI environments is described in the following table. Note that even if a task’s output is not cached, the up-to-date checks still apply.

The Quarkus application build is split across three tasks. The quarkusBuild task is responsible to provide a built Quarkus application. The tasks quarkusDependenciesBuild and quarkusAppPartsBuild are considered internal tasks (may change at any time w/o prior notice). See below for details.

Quarkus package type

Notes

Caching (non-CI)

Caching in CI

fast-jar, jar

Dependency jars are stored unmodified as individual files in the quarkus-app/lib/ directory. All other files in the quarkus-app/ directory are generated.

The quarkusAppPartsBuild task builds fast-jar package-type applications and allows caching of the generated pieces, which is everything except the dependencies in the quarkus-app/lib/ directory. The quarkusDependenciesBuild task is used to collect the dependencies via Gradle mechanisms. The quarkusBuild task then assembles the outputs of the quarkusAppPartsBuild and quarkusDependenciesBuild tasks.

Note: fast-jar (or -jar) is the default if no package type has been explicitly configured.

✅

mutable-jar, uber-jar, native, native-sources

The quarkusBuild task is responsible for building the Quarkus application.

The quarkusAppPartsBuild and quarkusDependenciesBuild tasks do nothing for `uber-jar`s.

✅

❌

legacy-jar, legacy

legacy-jar builds work similar to fast-jar builds, except that the directory structure is different and the modified-*.jar files are considered as generated.

✅

In a local development environment, the cost (think: time) of storing (and retrieving) even bigger cache artifacts is lower than the cost of re-building a Quarkus application. This means, that The Quarkus Gradle plugin allows caching even potentially big artifacts like uber-jars or native binaries in non-CI environments. In CI environments, which run builds against varying states of a code base (think: running CI against every commit on a main branch), adding each built (and big) artifact to the build cache would let the build cache become unnecessarily big, which becomes a problem for example in GitHub, where the total amount of cached artifacts is limited to 10 GB.

Background information: There are two related mechanisms in Gradle at play to improve build performance:

Up-to-date checks allow a task’s execution to be skipped, if the inputs and outputs of the tasks did not change. For example, consider a Java compile tasks: if the library dependencies and the source files (the inputs) did not change and the compiled class files (the outputs) are still available, compilation can be skipped.
The build cache can store the outputs of (cacheable) tasks in the local build cache. The output of a task can be restored from the cache.

The benefits of up-to-date checks and the interaction of the build cache come with the cost of modeling the inputs and outputs. Inputs are not only files or directories, but also the Java version used during the build, the operating system, the working directory, configuration options, and so on. So everything that influences the output of a task action must be declared as an input of the task.

Gradle configuration cache

The Quarkus Gradle plugin works with builds that have the Gradle’s configuration cache enabled, but the configuration cache is disabled for some of the Quarkus tasks. This means, that the Quarkus plugin does not break such Gradle builds. The current state of compatibility is shown in the following table:

Quarkus task

Configuration Cache Compatibility

quarkusGenerateCode

✅

quarkusGenerateCodeDev

✅

quarkusGenerateCodeTests

✅

quarkusDependenciesBuild

✅

quarkusAppPartsBuild

✅

quarkusShowEffectiveConfig

✅

quarkusBuild

✅

imageBuild

✅

imagePush

✅

quarkusDev

❌

quarkusRun

❌

quarkusRemoteDev

❌

quarkusTest

❌

quarkusGoOffline

❌

quarkusInfo

❌

quarkusUpdate

❌

deploy

❌

listExtensions

❌

listCategories

❌

listPlatforms

❌

addExtension

❌

removeExtension

❌

Quarkus and Gradle

Creating a new project

Custom test configuration profile in JVM mode

Dealing with extensions

Development mode

Remote Development Mode

Debugging

Import in your IDE

Downloading dependencies for offline development and testing

构建一个本地可执行文件

Build a container friendly executable

Running native tests

Running integration tests

Using fast-jar

Building Uber-Jars

Working with multi-module projects

Publishing your application

Configuring Quarkus builds

Gradle caching / task inputs

Build workers

Cached build artifacts

Gradle configuration cache

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